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表语形容词复合形容词ed形容词与ing形容词 1. 表语形容词 1)表语形容词是一般只用于系动词后作表语的形容词, 这类动词常见的有remain, stay, stand, keep, lie, grow, turn, get, become, run, come, seem, sound, appear, look, smell, taste, feel等。常见的表语形容词有,某些以a开头的形容词: afraid “害怕的”; alive “活着的”; alone “单独的”; ashamed “羞愧的”; asleep “睡着的”; awake “醒着的”等。 ① 这类形容词除afraid和ashamed可用very修饰外, 一般不用very修饰, 可用其他表程度的副词修饰, 如very much。常用搭配: wide awake 完全清醒 sound/fast asleep 酣睡 quite alone 非常孤独 still alive 仍然活着 much alike 非常相似 ull/well/quite aware of 充分意识到; 对……非常清醒 ② 表语形容词还可用作后置定语。如: He is the most famous scientist alive in the world today. 2)某些与健康状况有关的形容词: well “健康的”; fine “健康的”; poorly “不适; 不舒服”; unwell “不舒服的”; ill “有病的”; faint “头晕的”等。如: I’m feeling well today. 我今天感觉很好。 He is ill today. 他今天病了。 3)某些描述感觉或心情的形容词: glad “高兴的”; pleased “高兴的”; content “满意的”; sorry “难过的”; upset “难过的”等。如:I am glad/pleased to hear that you are offered a good job. 我很高兴听到你收到一份好工作的通知。 4)其他表语形容词: certain “确认的”; sure “确信的”; fond “喜欢的”; ready “准备好的”; unable “不能……的”等。如: I’m certain/sure that he will succeed. 我确信他将会成功。 2.复合形容词 1)副词词干+分词, 如: hardworking 勤劳的 2)名词词干+过去分词, 如: manmade人造的 3)名词词干+现在分词, 如: timeconsuming 耗时的 4)名词词干+形容词, 如: worldfamous 世界闻名的 5)数词词干+名词, 如: fivestar 五星级的 6)数词词干+名词ed, 如: threelegged 三条腿的 7)数词词干+名词+形容词, 如: fiveyearold 5岁的 8)形容词词干+过去分词, 如: readymade 现成的 9)形容词词干+名词ed, 如: kindhearted 好心的 10) 形容词词干+现在分词, 如: ordinarylooking 相貌一般的 11)形容词词干+形容词, 如: redhot 炽热的 3.-ed形容词与-ing形容词 ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”; -ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 此类形容词的动词词干包括:excite、surprise、amaze、embarrass、frustrate、interest、thrill、terrify、please、satisfy、frighten、tire、bore、relax、fascinate、annoy、move、worry、confuse、touch、disappoint、shock、puzzle等,仅列部分此类形容词: excite 使人兴奋 excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 surprise 使吃惊 surprised 感到吃惊的 surprising令人吃惊的 amaze使惊奇 amazed 感到惊奇的 amazing令人惊奇的 embarrass使窘迫 embarrassed感到窘迫的 embarrassing令人窘迫的 【例句】 He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。(他感到恐惧) He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。 [牛刀小试] 1. On a ______ cod day the boy,______10, helped an old man find his way home. A.freezing; aging B. freezing; aged C. frozen; aging D.frozen; aged 2. His words vere very ________. Every one was_________ by what he had said. A. frightened; frightening B. frightening; frightening C. frightened; frightened D. frightening; frightened 【答案】1. B 2. D ![]() |
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